GUERNSEY GULLS

2011 REPORT

 Each year is different in regard to gull research in the Bailiwick of Guernsey. 2011 set off at such pace, and with such success that it could so easily have been a record breaking effort on all counts. However, after considerable success again in catching full grown gulls, mainly at Chouet Landfill, the ringing year petered out somewhat with comparatively few gull chicks ringed – a reflection of a particularly poor breeding season across all the islands and all three species in 2011 (believed to be mainly the result of an unseasonably cool and very wet period in early June when the chicks were very small).

 In the early years of the study a huge emphasis is placed on colour ringing as many gulls as possible before the landfill site at Chouet is closed for the disposal of organic waste. This change in waste disposal policy is expected to trigger a number of as yet unknown changes to the ecology and perhaps even dispersal and migration patterns of the gulls in the Bailiwick, and we wish to be in a good position to monitor these changes as they occur. Once again a week-long visit in late spring by Paul Roper and members of the North Thames Gull Group enabled a concerted effort to be made to catch and colour ring full grown gulls at Chouet landfill. This was the third annual visit by the Group, and this year we deliberately targeted Lesser Black-backed Gulls with considerable success (almost 28% of the total catch of 1,783 gulls comprising this species).

This work was once again backed up by catching full grown gulls in our garden at Ty Coed, Vale Marais during the period 24 April to 10 July (278 Herring Gulls and 24 LBBGs ringed), and by trapping adult Lesser Black-backed Gulls at their colonies in Sark (10) and Burhou, Alderney (64).

As mentioned above, the 2011 breeding season was very poor for gulls and, despite much effort relatively few chicks were ringed - 112 Herring Gulls, 18 Lesser Black-backed Gulls and 47 Great Black-backed Gulls. A summary of the gull metal and colour ringing totals by island is included in Appendix 1.

It is not enough though simply to colour ring a large number of gulls. This is really only the start of the process. It is essential then to spend a lot of time in the field painstakingly recording each and every gull observed. 2011 was once again an excellent year for this part of the research with over 11,650 observations made in the Bailiwick (principally in Guernsey, but with some records from the other islands). The majority of these observations referred to Herring Gulls (6,342), but there were also excellent numbers of Lesser Black-backed Gulls (4,459) and Great Black-backed Gulls (842) recorded, along with eight Black-headed Gull sightings and four of Mediterranean Gulls. As a result the databases at the end of 2011 contained in excess of 35,000 sightings of Bailiwick colour ringed gulls – a very creditable figure considering work only began in mid 2008.

This in itself provided perhaps the biggest single threat to the success of the projects – the sheer size and pace of growth of the databases. Unfortunately they were established on a platform which was not robust enough to handle this scale of data. The double entry reporting work was becoming so intensive by the autumn that it was proving very difficult to simply keep up with the pace of reports. It was also becoming increasingly obvious that the databases were entirely unsuitable for analysis of the data at a later date. The difficult decision was therefore taken to terminate the original data platforms and move to a completely new programme. Setting up the new databases and converting the existing data electronically was the largest challenge of 2011, and I am indebted to Charles David of the Guernsey Biological Records Centre for achieving this huge task so effectively. We now have solid platforms upon which to build the data for all the gull projects in the islands.

With a good number of gulls of all three species now carrying colour rings, it is no surprise that there is a strong flow of sightings being reported from several Western European countries. 2011 was a fantastic year for such reports, which help us to understand the movements of our breeding gulls outside the nesting season. During 2011 there were 1,359 sightings of Lesser Black-backed Gulls outside the Channel Islands, involving 460 individual birds. The majority were reported in Iberia (Spain 714 sightings of 197 birds, and Portugal 414 sightings of 161 birds). However, there were also 50 reports from England (30 birds), 170 from France (64 birds), one from The Netherlands, eight from Morocco (five birds), and one each from Gran Canaria, Canary Islands and Western Sahara.

Herring Gulls also provided a rich seam of reports from outside the Channel Islands as follows: - France 366 sightings of 234 individuals, England 23 observations of 18 individuals and Spain two sightings of a single bird. With fewer Great Black-backed Gulls colour ringed in the Bailiwick it is taking longer to amass records of their movements, although further steady progress was made in 2011 with 10 reports from France (five birds) and 20 (15 birds) from England.

An abbreviated list of selected reports of Bailiwick-ringed gulls is included at Appendix 2.

Spending so much time in the field recording my own birds, it is no surprise that I also observe gulls which have been ringed outside the Channel Islands.  During 2011 146 gulls ringed outside the Channel Islands were recorded. The majority (92) were Great Black-backed Gulls from France (74 of which – 37 from Chausey Islands, Manche and 37 from Seine-Maritime), but there were also 14 birds from southern England (11 Cornwall, two from Essex and one from Hampshire), and four from southern Norway. Nine foreign-ringed Herring Gulls was a reasonable tally, with six from southern England and three from Seine-Maritime, France. Foreign-ringed Lesser Black-backed Gulls were well represented with 38 birds as follows:- Belgium (three), England (19), France (two), Iceland (two), Norway (four), Sweden (one), The Netherlands (two) and Wales (five). Black-headed Gulls from England (one), Germany (one) and Poland (two) were seen, along with Mediterranean Gulls from Belgium (one), France (one) and Hungary (one).

An abbreviated list of selected reports in the Bailiwick of foreign-ringed gulls is included at Appendix 3.

In recent years Catherine and I have followed the gulls south in the autumn/winter in the hope of finding some Guernsey Gulls abroad. In 2011 two trips were made, firstly our family holiday based at Azoia, near the fishing port of Sesimbra, Setubál, Portugal. During the week we managed to take 106 gull colour ring readings (98 Lesser Black-backed Gulls and eight Yellow-legged Gulls). Amazingly 21 of these observations, involving 16 different gulls, were Lesser Black-backed Gulls ringed on Guernsey or Alderney! At the end of October it was possible to visit several gull hotspots around Malaga, Spain, in the company of local gull enthusiasts Salva Garcia and Gabriel Martín. This resulted in 120 gull colour ring reads – of which nine related to Guernsey or Alderney ringed Lesser Black-backed Gulls. There is always something truly awe-inspiring in seeing gulls ringed at home in the Channel Islands so very far from home, and then of course the wonder increases further when we find the birds back on their breeding grounds the following spring!

Once again I am very grateful to the Channel Islands Co-operative Society Ltd, who is the principal sponsor of this gull research, although a number of other sponsors also make a valuable contribution including La Société Guernesiaise, La Société Sercquiaise and Dave Murray. A small but dedicated team of ringers and helpers in Guernsey is also vital to the success of the research, and once again I am grateful to everyone who has helped, but in particular Catherine Veron, Jamie and Mish Hooper, Chris Mourant and Phil Alexander. I am deeply indebted to Paul Roper and the members of the North Thames Gull Group who visited the island in mid-May to run a cannon netting operation at Chouet Landfill. These sessions have made a huge contribution to the gull projects in Guernsey for the past three years. Access to the key study site of Chouet Landfill has been through the kind co-operation of the States Public Services Department and States Works, and management and staff at Chouet have been as supportive and helpful as ever with this research. The States of Alderney and the Alderney Wildlife Trust have been similarly helpful with my gull work on Burhou, Alderney. With many gulls breeding on offshore islets and islands, I am grateful to the landowners for permission to undertake the research (including the States of Guernsey Environment Department and Dr Peter Ogden, Jethou), and to a number of boatmen (including Roland Gauvain – Alderney, Andy Cook – Sark and Dave Perrio – Herm) who land us on the rocks and islets.

I must also acknowledge the tireless work of Margaret Austin in administering the Channel Islands Bird Ringing Scheme. The gull research has increased her work load dramatically, but she has taken it in her stride. I am of course also indebted to the many bird watchers and gull enthusiasts scattered throughout Western Europe, who take the time and the trouble to report our colour ringed gulls, often with very nice photographs. Finally I acknowledge the superb job completed by Dr Charles David of the Guernsey Biological Records Centre in developing a computer programme and databases to handle the very considerable number of gull sightings being reported, and to allow easy future analysis of the tens of thousands of records being accumulated. The conversion of the data held on the previous databases has been invaluable. This computerisation update has probably been the single greatest achievement of 2011, because without it the projects would have been severely limited in their future use.

Paul K Veron

Channel Islands Bird Ringing Permit Number 129

15 March 2012

APPENDIX ONE

Gull Ringing Totals 2011

2,198 gulls were fitted with metal rings in the year – 1,575 Herring Gulls, 558 Lesser Black-backed Gulls, 64 Great Black-backed Gulls and a single Yellow-legged Gull. Even more pleasing (because they provide so much more data) the totals of gulls colour ringed was also high – Herring Gull (1,243), Lesser Black-backed Gull (575), Great Black-backed Gull (64) and Yellow-legged Gull (one).

Metal Rings

Colour Rings

APPENDIX 2

SELECTED SIGHTINGS OF BAILIWICK RINGED GULLS REPORTED IN 2011

vv =  colour ring reading

Lesser Black-backed Gull

Black 0S7             E15920                  chick      09/07/2009         Burhou, Alderney

                                                                vv           23/09/2010         Westkapelle, Zeeland, THE NETHERLANDS

                                                                vv           14/11/2010         Pinto landfill, Madrid, SPAIN

                                                                vv           28/06/2011         Barneveld, Gelderland, THE NETHERLANDS

                                                                vv           05/08/2011         Barneveld, Gelderland, THE NETHERLANDS

                                                                vv           29/12/1011         Marismas del Odiel, Huelva, SPAIN

 
Black 6A7             D5464                    chick      09/07/2010         Burhou, Alderney

                                                                vv           06/01/2011         Oued Sebou, Kenitra, MOROCCO

 
no cr                      D4706                    chick      10/07/2009         Burhou, Alderney

                                                                vv           12/04/2011         Oualidia Dump, MOROCCO

 
White 2AF7        E17250                  2^nd yr     27/05/2010         Chouet Landfill, Guernsey

                                                                vv           28/07/2010         Chew Valley Lake, Somerset, ENGLAND

                                                                vv           10/07/2011         Roath Park Lake, Cardiff, WALES

                                                                vv           07/08/2011         Boca do Rio, Porto do Son, A Coruna, SPAIN

                                                                vv           18/12/2011         Kenitra, Oued Sebou, MOROCCO

Black 2N9            D5102                    adult      28/05/2010         Chouet landfill, Guernsey

                                                                vv           18/08/2010         Chouet Landfill, Guernsey(x7 in between)

                                                                vv           20/12/2010         Anza, Agadir, MOROCCO

                                                                vv           17/03/2011         Pembroke Beach, Guernsey

                                                                vv           21/07/2011         Chouet, Guernsey (x12 in between)

N.B. This gull has been seen back at Anza, Morocco in February 2012!

Black 0L8              E15878                  pullus    10/07/2009         Burhou, Alderney

                                                                vv           31/08/2009         Esmelle Beach, A Coruna, SPAIN

                                                                vv           21/12/2010         Anza, Agadir, MOROCCO

                                                                vv           15/04/2011         Anza, Agadir, MOROCCO

 
Black 6J0              D5516                    pullus    10/07/2010         Burhou, Alderney

                                                                vv           10/04/2011         Anza, Agadir, MOROCCO

 
Black 6K2             D5519                    pullus    10/07/2010         Burhou, Alderney

                                                                vv           14/04/2011         Anza, Agadir, MOROCCO

 
White 6S9           E6369                    adult      26/05/2008         Vale Marais, Guernsey

                                                             vv           19/09/2008         Quarteira, Faro, PORTUGAL

                                                              vv           08/04/2009         Chouet Landfill, Guernsey

            vv           30/03/2010         Chouet Landfill, Guernsey

                                                                vv           26/09/2010         Quarteira, Faro, PORTUGAL

                vv           13/02/2011         Dakhla South, WESTERN SAHARA

                                                                vv           21/04/2011         Chouet Landfill, Guernsey

                                                                vv           15/07/2011         Burhou, Alderney (at colony)

N.B. This gull has been recorded back at Dakhla South, WESTERN SAHARA in February 2012

 
Black 9K5             D6382                    adult      18/05/2011         Chouet Landfill, Guernsey

                                                                vv           21/06/2011         Chouet Landfill, Guernsey (x 2 in between)

                                                                vv           20/12/2011         Bocabarranco, GRAN CANARIA

 
Herring Gull

White 2AP6        E12076                  chick      30/06/2003         Pleinmont Cliffs, Guernsey

                                                                vv           02/11/2003         River Douro, Porto, PORTUGAL

                                                                vv           11/11/2004         Matosinhos, Porto, PORTUGAL

                                                                vv           06/03/2006         Getxo, Bizkaia, SPAIN

                                                                vv           22/08/2007         Lemoiz, Vizcaya, SPAIN

                                                                vv           14/12/2007         Lemoiz, Vizcaya, SPAIN

                                                                vv           19/01/2009         Lemoiz, Vizcaya, SPAIN

                                                                vv           22/03/2009         Chouet, Guernsey

                                                                vv           15/08/2009         Chouet, Guernsey (x 20 in between)

                                                                vv           25/02/2010         Chouet, Guernsey

                                                                vv           29/07/2010         Chouet, Guernsey (x 24 in between)

                                                                vv           29/08/2010         Lemoiz, Vizcaya, SPAIN

                                                                vv           21/02/2011         Chouet, Guernsey

                vv           04/08/2011         Lemoiz, Vizcaya, SPAIN

                vv           20/10/2011         Chouet, Guernsey

White 6CC1        E16040                  adult      11/04/2010         Vale Marais, Guernsey

                                                                vv           12/08/2011         Chouet, Guernsey (x 15 in beteen)

                                                                vv           19/11/2011         Pitsea Landfill, Essex, ENGLAND

N.B. This gull was back in Guernsey in February 2012

White 2AK4        E17273                  2^nd yr     27/05/2010         Chouet Landfill, Guernsey

                                                                vv           09/12/2010         Chouet, Guernsey

                                                                vv           19/07/2011         Seaton, Devon, ENGLAND

N.B. This gull was seen in Seaton by my original bird ringing trainer, Mike Hill, who moved to England from Guernsey many years ago – the gull was on the roof of the house next door – quite some coincidence! The bird was back in Guernsey in January 2012. Mike also found a second Guernsey-ringed Herring Gull at Seaton in 2011.

 White 0AL3        E17021                  adult      27/05/2010         Chouet Landfill, Guernsey

                                                                vv           05/11/2010         Mons-Boubert, Somme, FRANCE

                                                                vv           18/10/2011         Mons-Boubert, Somme, FRANCE

It is unusual for Guernsey Herring Gulls to move so far NE up the English Channel. This bird is faithful to its wintering site. The bird was back in Guernsey in January 2012.

 White 2CL9         E18583                  adult      18/05/2011         Chouet Landfill, Guernsey

                                                                vv           23/06/2011         Blaringhem, Nord, FRANCE

                                                                vv           29/09/2011         Saint-Quentin, Somme, FRANCE

This is another example of a Guernsey Herring Gull moving NE up the English Channel in late summer/autumn. The bird was also back in Guernsey in January 2012.

 Great Black-backed Gull

Yellow 0KK1       J1168                     chick      27/06/2010         Longue Pierre, Herm

                                                                vv           03/12/2010         Les Sables d’Olonne, Vendée, FRANCE

This is the furthest report to the south-west so far from a Guernsey-ringed Great Black-backed Gull.

Yellow 0XX5       J1262                     chick      27/06/2011         Jethou, Guernsey

                                                                vv           18/10/2011         Lampaul, Ushant, Finistere, FRANCE

                                                                vv           08/11/2011         Perelle Beach, Guernsey

Yellow 0XX4       J1261                     chick      27/06/2011         Jethou, Guernsey

                                                                vv           16/10/2011         Radipole Lake, Dorset, ENGLAND

                                                                vv           22/10/2011         Dawlish Warren, Devon, ENGLAND

APPENDIX THREE

SELECTED SIGHTINGS OF FOREIGN-RINGED GULLS IN THE BAILIWICK IN 2011

Lesser Black-backed Gull

Blue TNAY          L914588                chick      05/07/2011         Zeebrugge, BELGIUM

                                                                vv           16/08/2011         Burhou, ALDERNEY

 
Orange E104       no metal ring     chick      07/07/1995         Rotterdam Port, THE NETHERLANDS

                                                                vv           31/07/1997         Le Havre, Seine-Maritime, FRANCE

                                                                vv           30/05/2000         Rotterdam Port, THE NETHERLANDS

                                                                vv           30/03/2011         Pembroke Beach, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           03/04/2011         Rotterdam Port, THE NETHERLANDS

 
Orange 9V           5432098                adult      09/05/2006         Moerdijk, THE NETHERLANDS

                                                                vv           30/04/2007         Moerdijk, THE NETHERLANDS

                                                                vv           21/03/2008         Moerdijk, THE NETHERLANDS

                                                                vv           24/03/2009         Moerdijk, THE NETHERLANDS

                                                                vv           28/03/2010         Moerdijk, THE NETHERLANDS

                                                                vv           04/09/2010         Vazon Beach, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           27/06/2011         Moerdijk, THE NETHERLANDS

                                                                vv           20/09/2011         Perelle, GUERNSEY

Note the migratory site fidelity of this bird.

 
Stockholm          8106904                chick      07/07/2004         Yttre Tistlarna, Vastra Gotland, SWEDEN

                                                                vv           09/04/2011         Chouet Landfill, GUERNSEY

 
Blue J125             419837??             chick      16/07/1996         Rauna, Vest-Agder, NORWAY

                                                                vv           03/04/2003         Wetherden, Suffolk, ENGLAND

                                                                vv           08/01/2006         Calvert, Buckinghamshire, ENGLAND

                                                                vv           07/03/2011         Chouet Landfill, GUERNSEY

 
Blue J3ZH            4258383                chick      23/07/2007         Rauna, Vest-Agder, NORWAY

                                                                vv           12/10/2010         Pantin Beach, A Coruna, SPAIN

                                                                vv           07/04/2011         Stavanger, Rogaland, NORWAY

                                                                vv           01/07/2011         Rauna, Vest-Agder, NORWAY

                                                                vv           13/10/2011         Vazon Beach, GUERNSEY

 
Blue YL525          340140                  chick      31/07/2009         Mionesheidi, Reykjanes Peninsula, ICELAND

                                                                vv           04/01/2010         Lanzarote, CANARY ISLANDS

                                                                vv           30/04/2011         Chouet Landfill Beach, GUERNSEY

 
Blue YH05           342252                  chick      29/07/2008         Hvaleyrarlon, Reykyavik, ICELAND

                                                                vv           12/09/2010         L’Eree Beach, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           16/09/2011         L’Eree Beach, GUERNSEY             

Note the migratory site fidelity of this bird.

 
Red 83F                GF91244               chick      30/06/2001         Lake Trawsfynedd, Gwynedd, WALES

                                                                vv           06/11/2001         Matosinhos, Porto, PORTUGAL

                                                                vv           14/10/2002         Matosinhos, Porto, PORTUGAL

                                                                vv           15/11/2004         Figueira da Foz, Coimbra, PORTUGAL

                                                                vv           11/11/2005         Figueira da Foz, Coimbra, PORTUGAL

                                                                vv           09/11/2007         Figueira da Foz, Coimbra, PORTUGAL

                                                                vv           26/02/2011         Chouet Landfill Beach, GUERNSEY

 
Red CVL               GG77232              vv           07/07/2005         Felixstowe, Essex, ENGLAND

                                                                vv           22/05/2007         Stoke Orchard Landfill, Glocs, ENGLAND               

                                                                vv           26/04/2011         Chouet Landfill Beach, GUERNSEY

 
Red FTFA             GG47899              vv           10/07/2011         Havergate Island, Suffolk, ENGLAND

                                                                vv           19/08/2011         Pembroke Beach, GUERNSEY

 Most UK ringed Lesser Black-backed Gulls have come from Western England. It is unusual to record gulls from south-eastern counties.

 
Herring Gull

                                                                vv           01/08/2008         Le Havre, Seine-Maritime, FRANCE

                                                                vv           29/06/2009         Le Portel, Pas-de-Calais, FRANCE

                                                                vv           19/12/2009         Chouet Landfill, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           03/03/2011         Chouet Beach, GUERNSEY

 
Blue B822            DB109228            chick      29/06/2010         Le Havre, Seine-Maritime, FRANCE

                                                                vv           24/12/2011         Chouet Landfill Beach, GUERNSEY

 
Orange JH1T      GC89941              1^st yr      29/08/2010         Rainham Landfill, London, ENGLAND

                                                                vv           10/02/2011         Chouet Landfill Beach, GUERNSEY

 
Orange MP0T    GN87948              2^nd yr     11/12/2010         Rainham Landfill, London, ENGLAND

                                                                vv           08/04/2011         Chouet Beach, GUERNSEY

 
Red YZB               GR20463              chick      11/07/2010         Havergate Island, Suffolk, ENGLAND

                                                                vv           12/03/2011         Chouet Beach, GUERNSEY

 Similarly, most UK ringed Herring Gulls have come from Western England. It is unusual to record gulls from south-eastern counties.

 
Great Black-backed Gulls

Black JE406         3024906                chick      18/06/2009         Mandal, Vest-Agder, NORWAY

                                                                vv           05/10/2011         Texel, THE NETHERLANDS

                                                                vv           08/11/2011         Vazon Beach, GUERNSEY

 
Black JP2X2         3031732                chick      07/07/2011         Mandal, Vest-Agder, NORWAY

                                                                vv           09/10/2011         Vazon Beach, GUERNSEY

 
Black JX14           388424                  chick      27/06/2007         Lindesnes, Vest-Agder, NORWAY

                                                                vv           18/09/2011         L’Eree Beach, GUERNSEY

 
Orange GC9T     MA26696             3^rd yr      09/01/2010         Pitsea Landfill, Essex, ENGLAND

                                                                vv           17/03/2010         Chouet landfill, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           30/04/2010         Brennevinsmyrna, Vest-Agder, NORWAY

                                                                vv           15/03/2011         Chouet Landfill Beach, GUERNSEY

 
Orange PF6T      MA26833             2^nd yr     29/01/2011         Rainham Landfill, London, ENGLAND

                                                                vv           10/08/2011         Chouet Landfill Beach, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           13/11/2011         East Looe , Cornwall, ENGLAND

 
Black-headed Gull

 Black P547           HA13240              adult      01/04/2010         Klaipda Landfill, Lietva, LITHUANIA

                                                                vv           30/08/2010         Crabby Beach, ALDERNEY

                                                                vv           15/10/2010         Crabby Beach, ALDERNEY

                                                                vv           14/05/2011         Klaipda Landfill, Lietva, LITHUANIA

 
Gdansk                 FN75807               chick      17/05/2008         Januszkowice, Opolskie, POLAND

                                                                vv           31/08/2010         Bellegreve Bay, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           02/09/2010         Vazon Beach, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           17/07/2011         Vazon Beach, GUERNSEY

 
White TARM      FN89999               adult      05/06/2010         Przykona Reservoir, Turek, POLAND

                                                                vv           14/08/2010         Bellegreve Bay, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           20/08/2011         Bellegreve Bay, GUERNSEY

 
Yellow ACZ0      5352874                chick      17/06/2011         Kreis Nienburg, Niedersachsen, GERMANY

                                                                vv           12/07/2011         Saline Beach, Castel, GUERNSEY

 
White 21J0         EX30310               chick      11/06/2011         Hosehill lake, West Berks, ENGLAND

                                                                vv           17/07/2011         Vazon Beach, GUERNSEY

Mediterranean Gull

Red HKK3            389218                  chick      21/06/2011         Szeged, Csongrad, HUNGARY

                                                                vv           20/08/2011         Pembroke Beach, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           15/09/2011         Le Pena, Bilbao, SPAIN

 
White 3E90         E188565                chick      04/06/2002         Zandvlietsluis, Antwerp, BELGIUM

                                                                vv           13/05/2006         Zandvlietsluis, Antwerp, BELGIUM

                                                                vv           05/08/2006         Bellegreve Bay, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           06/01/2007         Carcavelos, Lisbon, PORTUGAL

                                                                vv           16/09/2007         Bellegreve Bay, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           28/07/2008         Bellegreve Bay, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           19/10/2008         Lampaul, Finistere, FRANCE

                                                                vv           15/08/2009         Bellegreve Bay, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           21/09/2009         Heauville, Manche, FRANCE

                                                                vv           21/07/2010         Bellegreve Bay, GUERNSEY

                                                                vv           23/07/2011         Cobo Beach, GUERNSEY